The Species Corvus Corax - 1561 Words

The species Corvus corax is well known and recognized as one of the smartest animals in the world. Many studies have been conducted in investigating sophistication of its cognitive processes in recent years. A good number of them support this withstanding belief of high intelligence. Others reveal gaps in factors of their intelligence that were not previously presumed.. Pfuhl (2012), Schied Bugnyar (2008) and Boeckle Bugnayr (2012) studies show very proficient spatial reasoning and memory in ravens. On the contrary, other studies like Scholegl et al. (2008) and Albiach-Serrano et al. (2012) display a lack of aptitude in factors like understanding context and patterns compared to other cognitively gifted animals. Although even with†¦show more content†¦In the recent decades, this theory of high intelligence has gone under much research and experimentation to intent to establish the extent of corvid cognition. Multiple studies have been conductive on Corvus corax examining i ts cognitive abilities. They have related these abilities to the species phenology and evolution along with other cognitively gifted animals, such as apes (van Horik et al. 2012). While the belief of high intelligence remains relatively true for certain cognitive aspects such as spatial reasoning and memory, these corvids prove less competent in the areas like contextual understanding and problem solving with patterns. Literature Review Well Developed Cognitive Processes Reasoning. Spatial reasoning plays into the concept of intelligence and it aids to the survival of organisms. It is useful to know one’s orientation in the world and being able to draw inferences from another object’s or organisms orientation. In a 2012 study conducted by Gerit Pfuhl, ravens were tested in their spatial and causal reasoning based on pulling a set of strings. The major factor of this was which of the strings they decided to pull. The procedure was to attach meat and/or a weighted object (i.e., a small block of wood) to strings, alternating the position of the food and wood in the string and putting the strings at a certain height. The strings were the hung from a specialShow MoreRelatedHonors Biology-Early Topics3382 Words   |  14 Pages CHAPTER 25 Estimates of the number of living species in the world vary from 5 million to 80 million. Most scientists might consider 30 million to be a reasonable figure. Of these we have so far discovered about 1.5 million. Other estimates have put the total number of species that have existed on this planet since life began some 3.8 billion years ago at about 50 billion. In other words, the number of species that exist now (including undiscovered ones) is less than 1% of theRead MoreThe Allegheny Woodrat ( Neotoma Magister )2230 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction The Allegheny woodrat (Neotoma magister) is a small mammal that is endemic to the United States. They live in the eastern part of the United States in deciduous forests. Their species can be found from the Appalachian Mountains through the interior Highland regions, including western Connecticut to northern Alabama (Castleberry et al 2006). Woodrats are restricted to areas that have rocky structures such as caves, fissures, and boulder piles and live within the spaces between rocks

Different Types of Groups in Society - 2176 Words

INTRODUCTION Groups are a fundamental part of social life. They can be very small - just two people - or very large. They can be highly rewarding to their members and to society as a whole, but there are also significant problems and dangers with them. All this makes them an essential focus for research, exploration and action. Just how we define group and the characteristics or ideas we use has been a matter of debate for many years. The significance of collectivities like families, friendship circles, and tribes and clans has been long recognized, but it is really only in the last century or so that groups were studied scientifically and theory developed As interest in group processes and group dynamics developed and accelerated†¦show more content†¦There is also often a high level of interdependence between members. Primary groups are also the key means of socialization in society, the main place where attitudes, values and orientations are developed and sustained. Secondary groups , characterized by anonymous, impersonal, and instrumental relationships, have become much more numerous. People move frequently, often from one section of the country to another and they change from established relationships and promoting widespread loneliness. Young people, particularly, turn to drugs, seek communal living groups and adopt deviant lifestyles in attempts to find meaningful primary-group relationships. The social context has changed so much so that primary group relationship today is not as simple as they were in Cooleys time. are those in which members are rarely, if ever, all in direct contact. They are often large and usually formally organized. Trades unions and membership organizations such as the National Trust are examples of these. They are an important place for socialization, but secondary to primary groups. Planned and emergent groups Alongside discussion of primary and secondary groups, came the recognition that groups tend to fall into one of two broad categories: Planned groups. Planned groups are specifically formedShow MoreRelatedDurkheim Suicide1258 Words   |  6 PagesSuicide: A Study in Sociology Durkheim investigated suicide and categorized into four separate types as follows: egoistic, altruistic, anomic, and fatalistic. He explored egoistic suicide through the three religions of Protestant, Catholicism, and Judaism as well as an investigation into married and unmarried people. He explored altruistic suicide through interpretation of primitive and Eastern societies. He explored anomic suicide by examining economic and financial crises through the angle ofRead MoreMajor Types Of Social Structure Theories783 Words   |  4 Pagescontrast the three major types of social structure theories, and the three major types of social structure theories are social disorganization theory, strain theory, and culture conflict theory. Also, I will, include the major principles for each perspective. In this I will define social structure , and I will detail key points in each of these subjects. Introduction Social order,and economics in society explains crime by reference to the Social Structure theory. This type of theory makes importantRead MoreExplain the Importance of Socialisation as a Process Within Society.1012 Words   |  5 Pageswithin society. In this essay, i will examine the importance of socialisation as a process with in society. Socialisation is the process a human being will go through to make them who they are. They will learn about different types of cultures, norms and fashions, all of these they will take on throughout their life. Nature vs nurture has a great role in this, and, personally, I believe that nurture makes the largest amount of impact. Socialisation can be explained through different types of theoryRead MoreDurkheim s Influence On Society1434 Words   |  6 Pagesknown and applauded for his contributions to the study of society, wrote two novels that explore the changes that society sustains overtime, its causes, and what this means to the collective and the individual. In his novels, Durkheim offers readers the chance to understand how a group of people who share a culture and relationships operate to create social cohesion. In The Division of Labor in Society, Durkheim (1893) defines two different types of social solidarity and explains how they contributeRead MoreQuestions On Inequalities Of Gender Inequality1625 Words   |  7 Pagesrefers to the biological characteristics. However, gender is completely different. Gender is socially constructed not biological. For example many times when a baby is born male, others would say things like he’s going to be strong or aggressive. These behaviors are usually associated with male characteristics. Society places different types of behaviors, roles and expectations on females and males. There are various types of gender inequality. For example, there is gender inequality in work,Read MoreLesson Plan for Integrated Social and Emotional Learning Program1604 Words   |  6 PagesEmotional Learning Program: Outcome Oriented Lesson Plans for SEL and Knowledge-Are Growth Introduction/Overview The following two-week social and emotional learning (SEL) program contains ten lesson plans designed for an early adolescence age group (ages seven to ten) that is aimed at combining identified SEL outcomes and processes with knowledge and skill growth in other more traditional learning areas (English, Science, Math, etc). Through this, the individual lesson plans and the program asRead MoreThe Brewton Berrys Model Of Assimilation984 Words   |  4 PagesAssimilation patterns differ in societies that are characterized by paternalistic race relations than in societies characterized by competitive race relations. According to the lectures and readings, assimilation is defined as a process by which minority and majority groups are merged into some total societal unit. There are also three different type of assimilation which are Anglo (or dominant group) conformity, the Melting Pot, and cultural pluralism. Some additional concepts that go along withRead MoreThe Sociological Theories Of Sociology1198 Words   |  5 PagesSociology is study of the human society by observing and doing experiment. Sociology is mainly study in two ways; basic/pure and applied. Auguste Comte was the founder of sociology. Sociology was emerged as a field of study during the 1920s and 1930s. It becomes field of study because people started to observe a lot of things on a society such as: inequality, discrimination, poorness and many more. So, people started to use their theory to study about the societies in terms of sociology. 2. ListRead MoreSocial Class : Black Or White Collar Essay1377 Words   |  6 PagesNo matter how much money one makes or what type of work is being done, blue or white collar, everyone is put into a social class. In each of these social classes most of the people in them have the same amount of wealth or power or certain types of backgrounds. Each social group have different beliefs and expectations to certain beliefs or ideas in the world. We are often put into these social classes because the people in the class have the same valuable resources, one’s position in a social classRead MoreDurkheim on Solidarity854 Words   |  4 Pagessolidarity is a set of norms, values and morals that hold a certain group of people together. He described it as a â€Å"wholly moral phenomenon which by itself is not amenable to exact observation and especially not to measurement† (Durkheim 1997). Durkheim believed that there were two types of solidarity, Mechanical and Organic Mechanical solidarity, despite what one might guess from its name, describes the social integration of members of a society who are connected by their homogeneity of beliefs, values and

Value of Pets Free Essays

Values of Pets to people Materialism is a way that people use to measure their social status and success. Some people think having pets is one of the values that can show the high value of their material possession; with a high value of pet, these people feel satisfied and successful in their life. However, most people do not think that having pets is a value of materialism. We will write a custom essay sample on Value of Pets or any similar topic only for you Order Now Most of the people think the values of pets are love of human being, benefit and helpfulness. One of the values that pets serve for people is companionship. Pets give people a feeling of love, pleasant and not being alone. People spend a lot of times with their pets than anyone else; therefore, they treat their pets as members of their families. By having pets, people feel responsibilities for their little ones. They take care of their pets’ health and diet like taking care of their children. Moreover, raising pets give people a great feeling of they are needed, so that they feel not alone. Pets have abilities to make people in a good mood. Most people have felt a warm feeling inside just by stroking or getting their face licked by their pets. By having physical contact with pets, people feel relaxed and comfortable. For example, after a hard day at work, touching or having fun with pets really help people to calm down and relax. Also, simply talking to pets can be very therapeutic because pets are good listeners. People often talk to their pets to share their thoughts, feeling, troubles and worries. Although their pets will not give them any solutions for their problems, the act of talking about their concerns with a good listener may help people find their own solutions. Consequently, talking to pets help people to relax and feel better. Other values that pets serve for people are beneficial. pets How to cite Value of Pets, Papers